前言

THIS VOLUMN is an attempt to give an organized, detailed account of the training rules found in the Khandhakas that govern the life of bhikkhus, together with the traditions that have grown up around them. It is a companion to The Buddhist Monastic Code, Volume One (BMC1), which offers a similar treatment of the Pāṭimokkha training rules.

本册旨在有组织的、详尽地阐述《犍度》中规范比丘生活的学处，以及围绕著其发展的各种传统。本册与《佛教比丘戒律第一册》相辅相成，后者对《波罗提木叉》的学处也做了类似的阐述。

There is some overlap between the material in this volume and that in BMC1, primarily because the Khandhaka rules and Pāṭimokkha rules also overlap. Although each set of rules has some topics to itself, there are other topics covered by both sets, and a full knowledge of the topic requires acquaintance with both. In some cases, the Pātimokkha rules and the explanations that accompany them in the Sutta Vibhaṅga seem to presuppose the Khandhaka rules; in other cases, the relationship is the other way around. Thus, just as it was necessary in BMC1 to make frequent references to the Khandhakas to gain a full sense of the range of some of the Pāṭimokkha rules, I have found it necessary in this volume to refer to material in BMC1 to make the Khandhaka rules more fully intelligible. In some instances, this has simply meant cross-referencing; in others, it has meant lifting whole passages from BMC1 into the discussion. I hope that the reader will not find these recapitulations tedious, for they give a sense of the complex interrelationships among the rules and help provide the sort of understanding that comes with viewing an item in all its relevant contexts.

本册内容与《佛教比丘戒律第一册》有部分重叠，主要是因为《犍度》戒条和《波罗提木叉》戒条也有重叠之处。虽然每组戒条都有各自的主题，但也存在两组戒条共同涵盖的主题，要全面理解某个主题，就需要同时熟悉这两组戒条。在某些情况下，《经分别》中的《波罗提木叉》戒条及其解释似乎以《犍度》戒条为前提；而在其他情况下，这种关系则恰恰相反。因此，正如在《佛教比丘戒律第一册》中需要频繁参考《犍度》才能全面理解某些《波罗提木叉》戒条一样，在本册中，我也发现有必要参考《佛教比丘戒律第一册》中的材料，以便更透彻地理解《犍度》戒条。在某些情况下，这仅仅意味著交叉引用；而在其他情况下，则意味著将《佛教比丘戒律第一册》中的整段文字直接引入讨论中。我希望读者不会觉得这些回顾枯燥乏味，因为它们能让人感受到戒条之间复杂的相互关系，并有助于提供那种从所有相关背景中看待事物所带来的理解。

(未完待续)