前言

THIS VOLUMN is an attempt to give an organized, detailed account of the training rules found in the Khandhakas that govern the life of bhikkhus, together with the traditions that have grown up around them. It is a companion to The Buddhist Monastic Code, Volume One (BMC1), which offers a similar treatment of the Pāṭimokkha training rules.	本册旨在有组织的、详尽地阐述《犍度》中规范比丘生活的学处，以及围绕著其发展的各种传统。本册与《佛教比丘戒律第一册》相辅相成，后者对《波罗提木叉》的学处也做了类似的阐述。
There is some overlap between the material in this volume and that in BMC1, primarily because the Khandhaka rules and Pāṭimokkha rules also overlap. Although each set of rules has some topics to itself, there are other topics covered by both sets, and a full knowledge of the topic requires acquaintance with both. In some cases, the Pātimokkha rules and the explanations that accompany them in the Sutta Vibhaṅga seem to presuppose the Khandhaka rules; in other cases, the relationship is the other way around. Thus, just as it was necessary in BMC1 to make frequent references to the Khandhakas to gain a full sense of the range of some of the Pāṭimokkha rules, I have found it necessary in this volume to refer to material in BMC1 to make the Khandhaka rules more fully intelligible. In some instances, this has simply meant cross-referencing; in others, it has meant lifting whole passages from BMC1 into the discussion. I hope that the reader will not find these recapitulations tedious, for they give a sense of the complex interrelationships among the rules and help provide the sort of understanding that comes with viewing an item in all its relevant contexts.	本册内容与《佛教比丘戒律第一册》有部分重叠，主要是因为《犍度》戒条和《波罗提木叉》戒条也有重叠之处。虽然每组戒条都有各自的主题，但也存在两组戒条共同涵盖的主题，要全面理解某个主题，就需要同时熟悉这两组戒条。在某些情况下，《经分别》中的《波罗提木叉》戒条及其解释似乎以《犍度》戒条为前提；而在其他情况下，这种关系则恰恰相反。因此，正如在《佛教比丘戒律第一册》中需要频繁参考《犍度》才能全面理解某些《波罗提木叉》戒条一样，在本册中，我也发现有必要参考《佛教比丘戒律第一册》中的材料，以便更透彻地理解《犍度》戒条。在某些情况下，这仅仅意味著交叉引用；而在其他情况下，则意味著将《佛教比丘戒律第一册》中的整段文字直接引入讨论中。我希望读者不会觉得这些回顾枯燥乏味，因为它们能让人感受到戒条之间复杂的相互关系，并有助于提供那种从所有相关背景中看待事物所带来的理解。
Many people have helped with the writing of this book. Most responsible for my originally undertaking the task was Ajaan Suwat Suvaco (Phra Bodhidhammācariya Thera), who in 1997 convinced me that the job had to be done and that I was in a good position to do it. When the draft of the first edition was completed, Ven. Vajiro Bhikkhu and the bhikkhus at Abhayagiri Buddhist Monastery and Wat Pa Nanachat all read it and offered useful suggestions for improvements, as did the late Paññāvuḍḍho Bhikkhu. In Bangkok, Phra Ñāṇavorodom also offered encouragement and support. For this second edition, Ven. Ñāṇatusita, of the Forest Hermitage in Kandy, Sri Lanka, provided a detailed critique that helped clear up many of the inaccuracies and inconsistencies in the first edition. The bhikkhus here at Metta Forest Monastery also provided valuable feedback on the many drafts leading to this revision. Any errors remaining in the book, of course, are my own responsibility. If you spot them, please let me know so that they can be corrected in future editions.	许多人都为本书的写作提供了帮助。最初促使我承担这项任务的是阿姜 Suwat Suvaco （Phra Bodhidhammācariya 长老），他在1997年说服我这项工作必须完成，而且我在一个能做这项工作的好位置。第一版草稿完成后，Vajiro 尊者比丘以及在 Abhayagiri 佛寺和国际丛林道场的比丘们都阅读了草稿，并提出了有用的改进建议，已故的 Paññāvuḍḍho 比丘也如此。在曼谷，Phra Ñāṇavorodom 也给予了鼓励和支持。在第二版中，斯里兰卡康提（Kandy）森林隐修院（Forest Hermitage）的 Ñāṇatusita 尊者提供了详细的批评，帮助澄清了第一版中的许多不准确和不一致之处。在此处慈林寺的比丘们也为促成此次修订的多个草稿提供了宝贵的回馈意见。当然，书中任何仍有的错误都由我本人负责。如果您发现任何错误，请告知我，以便在以后的版本中进行修正。
I ask to dedicate this volume to the memory of Ajaan Suwat Suvaco, in gratitude not only for his encouragement in this endeavor, but also for the many valuable lessons he has kindly taught me in Dhamma and Vinaya, through word and example, over the years.	我谨将此册献给纪念阿姜 Suwat Suvaco，以表达我对他的感激之情，不仅感谢他在这项努力尝试中给予我的鼓励，也感谢他多年来通过言传身教，在法与律方面慈悲教导我的许多宝贵教诲。
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu (Geoffrey DeGraff)	Ṭhānissaro 比丘 (Geoffrey DeGraff)
Metta Forest Monastery Valley Center, CA 92082-1409 U.S.A. March, 2007	慈林寺 Valley Center, 加州 92082-1409 美国 2007年三月

(未完待续)